hydraulics - Basic Pipe and Open Channel Hydraulics
Functions for basic hydraulic calculations related to
water flow in circular pipes both flowing full (under
pressure), and partially full (gravity flow), and trapezoidal
open channels. For pressure flow this includes friction loss
calculations by solving the Darcy-Weisbach equation for head
loss, flow or diameter, plotting a Moody diagram, matching a
pump characteristic curve to a system curve, and solving for
flows in a pipe network using the Hardy-Cross method. The
Darcy-Weisbach friction factor is calculated using the
Colebrook (or Colebrook-White equation), the basis of the Moody
diagram, the original citation being Colebrook (1939)
<doi:10.1680/ijoti.1939.13150>. For gravity flow, the Manning
equation is used, again solving for missing parameters. The
derivation of and solutions using the Darcy-Weisbach equation
and the Manning equation are outlined in many fluid mechanics
texts such as Finnemore and Maurer (2024,
ISBN:978-1-264-78729-6). Some gradually- and rapidly-varied
flow functions are included. For the Manning equation
solutions, this package uses modifications of original code
from the 'iemisc' package by Irucka Embry.
